Gujarati is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Indian state of Gujarat. Much of its phonology is derived from Sanskrit.
Vowels[]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Close-mid | e | ə | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Open | æ | a | ɑ |
Consonants[]
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Retroflex | Postal. /Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | ʈ | c | k | ʔ |
| voiced | b | d | ɖ | ɟ | ɡ | ||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | ʈʰ | cʰ | kʰ | ||
| murmured | bʱ | dʱ | ɖʱ | ɟʱ | ɡʱ | ||
| Affricate | voiceless | ts | ʈʂ | tʃ | |||
| voiced | dz | ɖʐ | dʒ | ||||
| aspirated | tsʰ | ʈʂʰ | tʃʰ | ||||
| murmured | dzʱ | ɖʐʱ | dʒʱ | ||||
| Sibilant | voiceless | s | ʂ | ʃ | |||
| voiced | z | ʐ | ʒ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | θ | ç | x | ||
| voiced | v | ð | ʝ | ɣ | ɦ | ||
| Approximant | ʋ | l | ɭ̆ | j | ʟ | ||
| Flap | ⱱ | ɾ | |||||