The phonemic inventory of Palauan consists of 10 consonants and 6 vowels.[1] Phonetic charts of the vowel and consonant phonemes are provided below, utilizing the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
While the phonemic inventory of Palauan is relatively small, comparatively, many phonemes contain at least two allophones that surface as the result of various phonological processes within the language. The full phonetic inventory of consonants is given below in IPA (the phonemic inventory of vowels, above, is complete).
Palauan contains several diphthongs (sequences of vowels within a single syllable). A list of diphthongs and corresponding Palauan words containing them are given below.
Diphthongs
IPA
Example
English Translation
/iɛ/
babier
"paper" (German loan)
/iu/
chiukl
"(singing) voice"
/io/
kikiongel
"dirty"
/ia/
diall
"ship"
/ɛi/
mei
"come"
/ɛu/
teu
"width"
/ɛo/
Oreor
"Koror" (former capital of Palau)
/ɛa/
beached
"tin"
/ui/
tuich
"torch"
/uɛ/
sueleb
"afternoon"
/uo/
uos
"horse" (English loan)
/ua/
tuangel
"door"
/oi/
tekoi
"word"
/oɛ/
beroel
"spear"
/ou/
merous
"distribute"
/oa/
omoachel
"river"
/ai/
chais
"news"
/aɛ/
baeb
"pipe" (English loan)
/au/
mesaul
"tired"
/ao/
taod
"fork"
The extent to which it is accurate to characterize each of these vowel sequences as diphthongs has been a matter of debate. Nevertheless, a number of the sequences above, such as /ui/, clearly behave as diphthongs given their interaction with other aspects of Palauan phonology like stress shift and vowel reduction. Others do not behave as clearly like monosyllabic diphthongs.
References[]
↑Who treats indeterminate vowels as instances of underlying ə. The consonant chart tentatively reflects Wilson's analysis.